Timeline of Roman History
753 B.C
|
Mythical founding of Rome by Romulus and Remus |
753 - 509 | Time of the Kings |
509 | Rome became a republic by overthrowing King Tarquin the Proud |
494 | Revolt of Plebeians against Patricians - Plebeians gave right to choose their own tribunes and have a voice in government |
458 | General Cincinnatus came out of retirement, put down his plow, and took up position of dictator to save Rome. As soon as he won the battles he returned to Rome, resigned and returned to his fields |
451 | Rome developed the first law code, the Twelve Tables |
390 | Gauls invaded and sacked Rome |
312 | Began construction of first aqueduct and first major road |
340-338 | Rome defeated Latin League |
275 | Rome controlled all of Italian peninsula |
264 - 241 | First War between Rome and Carthage (First Punic War) |
218 - 201 | Second Punic War with Carthage with Hannibal leading the Carthage Army |
202 | Romans defeated Hannibal at battle of Zama |
200 | Romans used concrete for first time in Roman town of Palestrina |
149-146 | Third Punic War |
89 | Roman Citizenship extended to Latin and Italian Allies |
85 | Invention of heating system known as the hypocaust used in villas spread to most public baths |
73-71 | Slave revolt led by gladiator Spartacus |
67 | Pompey rid the Mediterranean sea of pirates |
60 | Pompey, Crassus and Julius Caesar formed alliance known as First Triumvirate |
58 -51 | Julius Caesar conquered all of Gaul - current day France |
55-54 | Julius Caesar attacked Britain |
49 | Julius Caesar ordered to disband army - instead began civil war |
49-45 | Civil war with Julius Caesar the winner |
44 | Julius Caesar assassinated on the Ides of March (15th) |
44-30 | Civil war between Marcus Antony and Octavian |
42 | Hortensia argued that taxes on rich women were unfair |
31 B.C. | Marcus Antony and Cleopatra defeated at battle of Actium |
30 B.C. | Marcus Antony and Cleopatra escaped to Egypt and committed suicide |
27 B.C. | Beginning of Empire age with Octavian claiming title of Augustus and assuming all the power of the magistrates in the Roman government-beginning of the Pax Romana (peace of Rome) |
A.D. 6 | Vigils developed to protect and fight fires in city of Rome under Augustus |
A.D. 19 | Pont du Guard aqueduct in Gaul ( France) built, still stands today |
A.D. 30 | Jesus Christ Crucified in Jerusalem |
64 | Great fire in Rome - Nero blamed Christians and began persecution |
66-73 | Jewish Revolt |
69-96 | Flavian period |
79 | Vesuvius erupted burying towns of Pompeii and Herculaneum |
80 | Colosseum finished |
121- 126 | Hadrian's wall built in Britain |
130 | Hadrian ordered building of Pantheon in Rome |
96- 138 | Empire reached greatest extent under Emperors Trajan (96-117) and Hadrian (117-138) |
138 - 193 | Antonine Period of rulers |
235 - 285 | Time of Anarchy, uncertainty who was legitimate Emperor for much of the time |
197 | Roman soldiers given permission to marry during tour of duty |
293 | Diocletian split empire into four sections ruled by two co-emperors |
303 | Persecution of Christians |
312 | Constantine I invaded Italy and took over with Licinius |
313 | Edict of Milan gave freedom of worship to Christian church, Christianity became official religion of Empire |
324 | Constantine I defeated Licinius and took over sole rule of Empire |
330 | Capitol moved from Rome to Constantinople (current day Istanbul) by Constantine I |
395 | Empire divided into East and West |
410 | Rome lost control of Britain |
452 | Attila the Hun invaded Italy
- stayed out of Rome as request |
453 | Attila the Hun died |
455 | Rome sacked by Vandals |
476 | Fall of the Western Roman Empire by invasion of Goths |
533-554 | Justinian began to recapture Western Roman Empire |
554-1453 | Eastern Empire survived as the Byzantine Empire |
1453 | Byzantine Empire defeated by Ottoman Turks |